Arvum Plant Labs

Author: Arvum

  • Organic Sources of Phosphorus and Their Application Methods

    Organic Sources of Phosphorus and Their Application Methods

    In our series on essential nutrients for cannabis, we’ve explored the critical role phosphorus (P) plays in plant health, from supporting root development to enhancing flower production. Phosphorus is especially important during the flowering stage, making it a key focus for cannabis growers aiming to maximize yield and potency. In this post, we’ll dive into common organic sources of phosphorus and the most effective methods to apply them in cannabis cultivation.

    Why Organic Phosphorus?

    Organic sources of phosphorus are often preferred by growers who prioritize sustainability and soil health. These sources are natural, minimally processed, and tend to release phosphorus slowly over time, providing a steady supply of nutrients that can enhance long-term soil fertility. Additionally, organic phosphorus tends to be less soluble than synthetic alternatives, which reduces the risk of nutrient runoff and environmental contamination.

    Common Organic Sources of Phosphorus

    1. Bone Meal

    Bone meal is one of the most widely used organic phosphorus sources. Made from ground animal bones, it is rich in phosphorus and calcium. Bone meal provides a slow-release form of phosphorus, making it ideal for long-term soil health and consistent nutrient supply.

    • Phosphorus Content: Typically 12-16% P2O5 (phosphorus pentoxide)
    • Best Use: Bone meal is excellent for use in soil preparation or as a top-dressing during the vegetative and flowering stages. Its slow release makes it a great option for outdoor and container grows.

    2. Rock Phosphate

    Rock phosphate is a natural mineral mined from ancient marine deposits. It contains a high concentration of phosphorus but is less soluble, meaning it releases nutrients slowly over time. This makes it a great option for long-term phosphorus needs, especially in acidic soils where phosphorus is less available.

    • Phosphorus Content: 3-15% P2O5
    • Best Use: Rock phosphate is ideal for outdoor grows or as a soil amendment in the early stages of growth. It’s often worked into the soil before planting, ensuring a slow, steady supply of phosphorus throughout the growing season.

    3. Fish Meal

    Fish meal is another highly effective organic phosphorus source. It is derived from ground-up fish and contains a balanced mix of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. In addition to providing essential nutrients, fish meal also enhances microbial activity in the soil, promoting overall plant health.

    • Phosphorus Content: 4-6% P2O5
    • Best Use: Fish meal can be applied as a top dressing or mixed into the soil at planting. Its balanced nutrient profile makes it particularly useful during the vegetative stage when plants need both nitrogen and phosphorus to establish strong root systems.

    4. Bat Guano

    Bat guano, specifically high-phosphorus bat guano, is a popular organic fertilizer in cannabis cultivation. It is prized for its quick-release phosphorus, making it ideal for plants in the flowering stage that need an immediate nutrient boost. Bat guano also improves soil structure and microbial activity, further benefiting plant health.

    • Phosphorus Content: 3-8% P2O5
    • Best Use: High-phosphorus bat guano is most effective when applied during the early flowering stage to encourage bud development. It can be mixed into the soil or brewed into a compost tea for foliar application.

    5. Composted Manure

    Manure, particularly from chickens or other poultry, is another excellent organic phosphorus source. Composted manure is rich in phosphorus and other essential nutrients, but it must be fully composted to avoid burning the plants with too much nitrogen or pathogens. It also adds valuable organic matter to the soil, enhancing its structure and water retention capabilities.

    • Phosphorus Content: 1-3% P2O5
    • Best Use: Composted manure is best applied as a soil amendment or top dressing during the vegetative stage. It provides a steady, slow-release phosphorus source while improving the overall fertility and structure of the soil.

    Common Application Methods for Organic Phosphorus

    Once you’ve chosen the right organic phosphorus source for your cannabis plants, the next step is determining the most effective application method. Each method has its advantages depending on your cultivation goals and the growth stage of your plants.

    1. Soil Amendment

    Soil amendment is the most common method of applying organic phosphorus. This involves mixing phosphorus-rich materials like bone meal or rock phosphate directly into the soil before planting. This ensures that phosphorus is available to the roots as soon as they begin to develop, promoting healthy root systems and vigorous growth. Amending the soil at the beginning of the growing season can provide long-lasting phosphorus throughout the entire growth cycle.

    • Best for: Pre-planting or early vegetative stage to support root development and early growth.

    2. Top Dressing

    Top dressing involves adding organic phosphorus sources to the surface of the soil around the base of the plant. As the materials break down, phosphorus is gradually released and absorbed by the roots. This method is ideal for slow-release amendments like bone meal or composted manure, ensuring a steady supply of phosphorus without the risk of nutrient burn.

    • Best for: Mid-vegetative stage through early flowering, especially for outdoor and container-grown cannabis.

    3. Compost Teas

    Compost teas made from phosphorus-rich organic materials like bat guano, fish meal, or worm castings are an excellent way to provide a quick phosphorus boost. Brewing compost tea allows nutrients to be dissolved in water and applied directly to the soil or as a foliar spray. This method is especially useful during the flowering stage when plants require more immediate phosphorus to develop large, healthy buds.

    • Best for: Flowering stage, when rapid nutrient uptake is needed to support bud formation.

    4. Foliar Feeding

    Foliar feeding involves applying liquid phosphorus solutions directly to the leaves of the cannabis plant. While not a common method for phosphorus supplementation, foliar feeding can be effective in correcting deficiencies quickly, especially when used with compost tea or liquid fertilizers. It allows plants to absorb nutrients directly through their leaves, bypassing the roots and ensuring faster results.

    • Best for: Correcting phosphorus deficiencies quickly, especially during the early flowering stage.

    5. Drip Irrigation/Fertigation

    Drip irrigation systems can be used to deliver phosphorus in a controlled manner. Organic liquid fertilizers, such as fish emulsion or bat guano tea, can be added to the irrigation system to ensure even distribution of nutrients. This method is efficient and helps maintain consistent phosphorus levels throughout the plant’s life cycle without risking over-fertilization.

    • Best for: Large-scale or automated growing operations that require precise nutrient delivery.

    Conclusion

    Phosphorus is a vital nutrient for cannabis plants, particularly during the flowering stage when it helps drive bud production and overall yield. Organic sources of phosphorus, like bone meal, rock phosphate, and bat guano, provide a sustainable way to ensure your plants receive the phosphorus they need while improving soil health over time. By choosing the right organic phosphorus source and applying it correctly, you can maximize the health and productivity of your cannabis crop.

    Ready to Optimize Your Cannabis Growth? Test with Arvum Today!

     

    Reveal the precise nutrient levels in your crops, alongside a comprehensive assessment of all essential, supplemental, and trace nutrients. We can even test your fertilizer for composition and heavy metals!

     

    Call 707-398-8346 or email sales@arvumplantlabs.com to get started! Arvum Plant Labs allows new customers to get their first round of testing discounted. 

  • Managing Phosphorus Deficiencies and Excess in Cannabis Cultivation

    Managing Phosphorus Deficiencies and Excess in Cannabis Cultivation

    In our previous post, we explored the critical role phosphorus plays in the healthy growth and development of cannabis plants. While phosphorus is a vital macronutrient, like all nutrients, it must be present in the right quantities. Too little or too much phosphorus can lead to significant issues that negatively impact plant health and yield. In this post, we will dive into the problems associated with phosphorus deficiencies and excesses in cannabis cultivation, and how to address these issues effectively.

    The target values for phosphorus (P) during the cannabis growth stages are as follows:

    VEG Stage:

    • Deficient: < 1,500 ppm

    • Low: 1,500 – 2,000 ppm

    • Ideal: 2,000 – 7,500 ppm

    • High: 7,500 – 10,000 ppm

    • Excessive: > 10,000 ppm

    FLOWER Stage:

    • Deficient: < 1,725 ppm

    • Low: 1,725 – 2,300 ppm

    • Ideal: 2,300 – 8,625 ppm

    • High: 8,625 – 11,500 ppm

    • Excessive: > 11,500 ppm

     

    Phosphorus Deficiency in Cannabis

    A phosphorus deficiency can be detrimental to the overall health and productivity of cannabis plants. As an essential nutrient, insufficient phosphorus will interfere with several key biological processes, leading to stunted growth and reduced yields.

    Symptoms of Phosphorus Deficiency

    Cannabis plants with insufficient phosphorus levels may display a variety of symptoms, which are usually more pronounced during the flowering stage. Some common signs include:

    1. Stunted Growth Early signs of phosphorus deficiency include slow or stunted growth, particularly during the vegetative stage. Plants may fail to reach their full height and may have underdeveloped root systems.

    2. Dark Green or Purple Leaves Phosphorus deficiency can cause leaves to turn a dark green, sometimes with a purple or reddish hue, particularly along the leaf veins and stems. This discoloration is more common in cooler temperatures, as phosphorus becomes less available in cold soils.

    3. Small, Deformed Leaves In addition to discoloration, leaves may become small, thin, and deformed. This is especially true for older leaves, which often show symptoms first as the plant redirects its limited phosphorus supply to newer growth.

    4. Delayed Flowering and Poor Bud Development Without enough phosphorus, cannabis plants may experience delayed flowering and produce smaller, less potent buds. This deficiency can severely reduce the quality and quantity of the final harvest.

    Causes of Phosphorus Deficiency

    • Low Soil pH: Cannabis plants cannot absorb phosphorus efficiently if the soil pH is too low (acidic). Ideally, the soil pH should be between 6.0 and 7.0 to ensure optimal phosphorus availability.

    • Cold Soil Temperatures: In colder climates, phosphorus becomes less available to plants as soil temperature drops. This is a common issue in outdoor grows during early spring or late fall.

    • Poor Soil Quality: Soil that lacks organic matter or is compacted can limit phosphorus availability. A well-aerated, nutrient-rich soil is essential for healthy phosphorus uptake.

    Phosphorus Excess in Cannabis

    While a phosphorus deficiency can harm plant growth, an excess of phosphorus can also lead to serious issues. Too much phosphorus can cause nutrient imbalances and even toxicity, leading to long-term problems for both plants and the soil.

    Symptoms of Excess Phosphorus

    Excess phosphorus usually manifests in more subtle ways than a deficiency, but it can still cause damage over time:

    1. Nutrient Lockout High phosphorus levels can interfere with the absorption of other essential nutrients, particularly calcium, magnesium, and zinc. This can lead to deficiencies in these nutrients, even if they are present in sufficient quantities in the soil.

    2. Leaf Burn and Necrosis Excess phosphorus can cause leaf tips and edges to burn, turn yellow, and eventually die. This condition is often mistaken for nutrient deficiencies, but it is caused by the toxic buildup of phosphorus.

    3. Reduced Growth and Yield Just like a deficiency, excess phosphorus can lead to stunted growth and lower yields. Plants struggling with phosphorus toxicity often fail to produce large, healthy flowers, resulting in a disappointing harvest.

    Causes of Phosphorus Excess

    • Over-Fertilization: Excess phosphorus is most commonly caused by the overuse of fertilizers, especially during the flowering stage. Many bloom-boosting fertilizers are rich in phosphorus, and improper use can lead to an accumulation in the soil.

    • Slow Breakdown of Organic Amendments: Some organic sources of phosphorus, like rock phosphate, break down slowly. If they are applied in excess or too frequently, they can lead to phosphorus buildup over time.

    How to Fix Phosphorus Deficiency and Excess

    To correct a phosphorus deficiency or excess, it’s always recommended to use leaf tissue analysis first to accurately identify that phosphorus is imbalanced and to what extent. This will help ensure proper correction in nutrition and the amount.

    Conclusion

    Maintaining the right phosphorus levels is essential for the success of any cannabis crop. A deficiency can lead to poor growth and yields, while excess phosphorus can cause nutrient imbalances and long-term soil damage. By closely monitoring phosphorus levels and adjusting your fertilization strategies accordingly, you can ensure healthy, productive plants.

    Ready to Optimize Your Cannabis Growth? Test with Arvum Today!

     

    Reveal the precise nutrient levels in your crops, alongside a comprehensive assessment of all essential, supplemental, and trace nutrients. 

     

    Call 707-398-8346 or email sales@arvumplantlabs.com and see the true nutrient levels of the plants in your cultivation! Arvum Plant Labs allows new customers to get their first round of testing discounted. 

     

    Stay tuned for more insights into managing nutrient levels in cannabis cultivation!

  • The Importance of Phosphorus in Plant Health

    The Importance of Phosphorus in Plant Health

    Phosphorus (P) is one of the three primary macronutrients essential for plant growth, along with Nitrogen (N) and Potassium (K). As one of the core components of the famous N-P-K ratio, phosphorus plays a crucial role in various biological processes that are fundamental to the health and productivity of cannabis plants. In this post, we will explore why phosphorus is so important for cannabis, how it affects plant development, and the key roles it plays throughout the growth cycle.

    Why Phosphorus Matters

    Phosphorus is involved in multiple key processes within cannabis plants. It is particularly important during the early vegetative stages and throughout the flowering period. Without sufficient phosphorus, plants can struggle to grow and produce healthy flowers. Let’s explore its functions in more detail:

    Key Roles of Phosphorus in Plant Health

    1. Energy Transfer (ATP Production) Phosphorus is a critical component of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is often referred to as the “energy currency” of the plant. ATP enables plants to convert light energy into chemical energy during photosynthesis. Phosphorus is also involved in other energy transfer processes that support cell division, root growth, and nutrient uptake.
    2. Root Development Phosphorus is essential for healthy root formation. During the early vegetative stage, a steady supply of phosphorus helps cannabis plants establish a strong root system. This allows the plant to access water and other nutrients more effectively, promoting robust overall growth. Healthy roots are the foundation of a healthy plant, making phosphorus critical for cannabis crops at all stages.
    3. Flower and Seed Production During the flowering phase, phosphorus is indispensable for the formation of flowers and seeds. A well-fed plant will allocate phosphorus to support the production of large, dense buds. Without enough phosphorus, cannabis plants may struggle to develop quality flowers, resulting in a reduced yield and inferior product.
    4. Nutrient and Water Transportation Phosphorus plays a pivotal role in nutrient and water transport within plants. It helps form nucleic acids, the building blocks of DNA and RNA, which are essential for nutrient uptake and internal plant communication. By enabling proper nutrient movement, phosphorus ensures that the plant receives the right amounts of other essential nutrients to support its health.
    5. Stress Resistance Cannabis plants need phosphorus to withstand environmental stressors like temperature fluctuations, pest pressure, and diseases. A plant with sufficient phosphorus is better equipped to handle adverse conditions and recover from damage. This nutrient is essential for maintaining strong immune responses, helping the plant fend off infections and survive challenging environmental conditions.

    Phosphorus Throughout the Growth Cycle

    Phosphorus is required at all stages of cannabis growth, but its importance shifts as the plant matures.

    • Early Vegetative Stage: During early growth, phosphorus aids in root development and overall plant vigor. It helps young plants grow quickly by providing the necessary energy for photosynthesis and cell division.
    • Flowering Stage: As the plant transitions into flowering, phosphorus becomes even more critical. A steady supply supports bud formation and the energy-intensive process of flower development. This is why many flowering-specific fertilizers contain higher levels of phosphorus to support bloom production.

    Phosphorus in Fertilizers

    Most cannabis fertilizers list phosphorus content as the middle number in the N-P-K ratio, often represented as “P2O5” (phosphorus pentoxide). Fertilizers with higher phosphorus levels are typically used during the flowering stage to encourage larger, more potent buds. Organic sources of phosphorus, such as bone meal, rock phosphate, and fish meal, are also commonly used in cannabis cultivation to improve soil fertility and plant health.

    In conclusion, phosphorus is essential for the successful growth and productivity of cannabis. From fueling energy transfer to supporting root and flower development, this macronutrient is a cornerstone of a healthy cannabis crop. In our next post, we’ll explore what happens when phosphorus levels are too high or too low and how to manage these imbalances in your cannabis garden.

    Ready to Optimize Your Cannabis Growth? Test with Arvum Today!

    Reveal the precise nutrient levels in your crops, alongside a comprehensive assessment of all essential, supplemental, and trace nutrients. 

    Call 707-398-8346 or email sales@arvumplantlabs.com and see the true nutrient levels of the plants in your cultivation! Arvum Plant Labs allows new customers to get their first round of testing discounted. 

     

  • Organic Sources of Sulfur and Application Methods for Cannabis Cultivation

    Organic Sources of Sulfur and Application Methods for Cannabis Cultivation

    In this post, we’ll dive into organic sources of sulfur and explore the various methods by which organic sulfur can be applied to cannabis plants.

    Why Organic Sulfur Matters

    Organic sources of sulfur are often preferred in sustainable cannabis cultivation because they improve soil health while delivering essential nutrients in a natural, bioavailable form. Unlike synthetic alternatives, organic amendments typically release sulfur slowly, ensuring a steady nutrient supply over time. This is particularly beneficial for cannabis, as excessive sulfur can cause issues such as nutrient lockout, which affects overall plant health.

    Let’s take a closer look at some of the most popular organic sources of sulfur.

    Common Organic Sources of Sulfur

    1. Elemental Sulfur Elemental sulfur is one of the purest forms of sulfur available. It is often used to correct soil pH by reducing alkalinity, which improves the availability of other essential nutrients. When applied, soil microbes convert elemental sulfur into sulfate, the form of sulfur that plants can absorb. This conversion process is gradual, making elemental sulfur a great option for long-term sulfur supplementation.

    2. Gypsum (Calcium Sulfate) Gypsum is a natural mineral that serves as both a calcium and sulfur source. It is widely used to improve soil structure by breaking up compacted soils and increasing water infiltration. The sulfur in gypsum is immediately available to plants in the form of sulfate, making it an ideal quick-fix for sulfur deficiencies. Additionally, it helps to neutralize high sodium levels in soil, improving the overall growing environment.

    3. Composted Manure Organic compost, particularly from animals like chickens or sheep, contains sulfur in the form of sulfate, which plants can readily absorb. In addition to sulfur, composted manure adds a wide variety of nutrients, microorganisms, and organic matter to the soil. This improves soil fertility and structure, leading to enhanced nutrient uptake and healthier cannabis plants.

    4. Bone Meal Bone meal is a great organic fertilizer that provides both phosphorus and sulfur. As it breaks down in the soil, sulfur is slowly released in the form of sulfate. Bone meal is best used in soil applications where long-term nutrient availability is key, making it ideal for outdoor or container-grown cannabis.

    5. Seaweed and Kelp Extracts Seaweed and kelp extracts are excellent sources of micronutrients, including sulfur. While these extracts are typically used as foliar sprays, they can also be applied directly to the soil. Kelp and seaweed provide a rapid boost of sulfur and other essential nutrients while stimulating root growth and enhancing stress resistance in cannabis plants.

    6. Fish Meal and Fish Emulsion Fish-based products are well-known for their high nutrient content, including sulfur. Fish meal is a dry, powdery product made from ground fish, while fish emulsion is a liquid fertilizer. Both offer a balanced blend of essential nutrients, with sulfur present as sulfate, and can be applied to the soil or used as a foliar spray.

    Application Methods for Organic Sulfur

    Once you’ve selected the right organic source for your sulfur needs, the next step is to determine the best method of application. Each method comes with its own advantages depending on your cultivation setup and goals.

    1. Soil Application Applying organic sulfur sources directly to the soil is the most common method. Sulfur-rich amendments like gypsum, compost, and elemental sulfur can be mixed into the soil before planting or top-dressed during the growing cycle. This method ensures a steady, slow release of sulfur as the amendments break down over time. It’s particularly useful in outdoor or greenhouse setups where long-term nutrient availability is a priority.

    2. Foliar Application Foliar feeding with sulfur-rich products such as seaweed extracts, fish emulsion, or kelp is an excellent way to address sulfur deficiencies quickly. In foliar feeding, nutrients are absorbed through the leaves rather than the roots, providing a more immediate effect. Foliar application is often used as a supplemental feeding method to give plants a quick boost of sulfur, especially during the critical flowering phase when deficiencies can affect flavor and aroma.

    3. Composting and Mulching Incorporating sulfur-rich organic matter like composted manure, seaweed, or plant-based mulches into your soil is another effective way to supply cannabis plants with sulfur over the long term. These materials break down slowly, gradually releasing sulfur and other essential nutrients into the root zone. This method also improves soil structure and promotes beneficial microbial activity, leading to healthier plants overall.

    4. Irrigation Systems For larger-scale cannabis operations, adding sulfur to irrigation systems (fertigation) is a common practice. Organic products like fish emulsion and seaweed extracts can be diluted and delivered directly to the plant roots via drip irrigation or flood systems. This method ensures that sulfur and other nutrients are evenly distributed and easily absorbed by plants without causing soil imbalances or runoff.

    Conclusion

    Incorporating organic sulfur sources into your cannabis cultivation practice not only supports healthy plant growth but also promotes sustainability and long-term soil health. Whether you choose gypsum for its quick availability or compost for its slow, steady release, the key to success is selecting the right sulfur source and application method for your specific growing conditions.

    Ready to Optimize Your Cannabis Growth? Test with Arvum Today!


    Reveal the precise nutrient levels in your crops, alongside a comprehensive assessment of all essential, supplemental, and trace nutrients. We can even test your fertilizer for composition and heavy metals!


    Call 707-398-8346 or email sales@arvumplantlabs.com to get started! Arvum Plant Labs allows new customers to get their first round of testing discounted. 

  • Issues with Excessive and Deficient Levels of Sulfur in Plants

    Issues with Excessive and Deficient Levels of Sulfur in Plants

    Welcome back, growers! 🌿 In our last post, we talked about why sulfur is important for plant health. But just like with any nutrient, too much or too little sulfur can cause problems. Today, we’re going to break down what happens when sulfur levels get out of balance, and some of the most common causes. Let’s dig in!

    Sulfur Deficiency: When There’s Not Enough

    Sulfur deficiency happens when plants aren’t getting enough sulfur from the soil. This can be tricky to diagnose because sulfur deficiencies look a lot like nitrogen deficiencies. Here are some common symptoms to watch for:

    • Yellowing of Leaves: One of the main signs of sulfur deficiency is yellowing leaves, especially on the younger, upper leaves. This happens because sulfur is needed for chlorophyll production, and without it, plants can’t produce enough chlorophyll to stay green.
    • Stunted Growth: Without enough sulfur, plants can’t produce the proteins they need to grow. This can lead to slower, stunted growth and smaller leaves.
    • Weak Stems and Roots: Sulfur deficiency can weaken the plant’s structure, leading to weaker stems and poor root development.

    Visual symptoms aren’t always enough to pinpoint the root cause and identify a Sulfur deficiency. Leaf tissue analysis is an accurate and fast way to identify if your plants are deficient in Sulfur or any other nutrient.

    Causes of Sulfur Deficiency

    • Leached Soils: In sandy or heavily irrigated soils, sulfur can be washed away or leached out, leaving plants without enough.
    • Low Organic Matter: Soils with low levels of organic matter may not have enough sulfur available for plants to use.
    • Poor Soil pH Balance: If the soil pH is off, it can affect how well sulfur is absorbed by the plant.

    Sulfur Toxicity: When There’s Too Much

    On the flip side, too much sulfur can also be harmful to your plants. While sulfur toxicity is less common, it can still cause problems if sulfur levels get too high. Here are the warning signs:

    • Leaf Burn: Excess sulfur can cause the tips and edges of the leaves to turn brown and crispy. This happens because high sulfur levels can interfere with water uptake, leading to dehydration in the plant’s tissues.
    • Nutrient Imbalance: Too much sulfur can block the absorption of other important nutrients, like nitrogen and potassium. This can cause nutrient imbalances and deficiencies, even if those nutrients are present in the soil.
    • Soil Acidification: High levels of sulfur can lower soil pH, making the soil more acidic. This can affect how other nutrients are absorbed and lead to further imbalances.

    Causes of Sulfur Toxicity

    • Overuse of Sulfur Fertilizers: If you’re applying sulfur-rich fertilizers or soil amendments too frequently, you might accidentally give your plants too much sulfur.
    • Poor Drainage: In soils with poor drainage, sulfur can accumulate and lead to toxicity over time.

    Warning Signs Can Be Misleading

    While it’s important to watch for signs of sulfur imbalances, keep in mind that visual symptoms aren’t always reliable. Many of the signs of sulfur deficiency or toxicity can look like other nutrient problems, such as nitrogen or potassium imbalances. This is where things can get tricky—just looking at the leaves doesn’t always tell you what’s going on beneath the surface. 

    Cannabis Target Values for Sulfur

    From our research and data collection, we have identified the target values for Sulfur levels specifically in cannabis at each stage of growth.

    The target values for Sulfur (S) during the cannabis growth stages are as follows:

    VEG Stage:

    • Deficient: < 2,000 ppm
    • Low: 2,000 – 2,500 ppm
    • Ideal: 2,500 – 10,000 ppm
    • High: 10,000 – 30,000 ppm
    • Excessive: > 30,000 ppm

    FLOWER Stage:

    • Deficient: < 2,200 ppm
    • Low: 2,200 – 2,750 ppm
    • Ideal: 2,750 – 11,000 ppm
    • High: 11,000 – 33,000 ppm
    • Excessive: > 33,000 ppm.

    How to Know for Sure: Leaf Tissue Analysis

    If you want to know for sure whether your plants are dealing with sulfur imbalances, the best way is to get a leaf tissue analysis. Here’s how it works:

    1. Collect Leaf Samples: You take a small sample of leaves from your plants and send them to Arvum Plant Labs.
    2. Lab Testing: Our experts analyze the leaves to see exactly how much sulfur is in your plants. You’ll get the results within 2 business days.
    3. Detailed Report: The report will show whether your sulfur levels are too low, just right, or too high. We’ll also give you recommendations on how to fix any issues.

    Conclusion

    Managing sulfur levels is all about balance—too much or too little can cause problems for your plants. If you notice any signs of nutrient imbalances, it’s always best to get a leaf tissue analysis to know exactly what’s going on. 

    At Arvum Plant Labs, we’re here to help you get the most accurate understanding of your plants’ sulfur levels and provide you with the guidance you need to keep them healthy and thriving. 🌱

    Ready to Optimize Your Cannabis Growth? Test with Arvum Today!

     

    Reveal the precise nutrient levels in your crops, alongside a comprehensive assessment of all essential, supplemental, and trace nutrients. 

     

    Call 707-398-8346 or email sales@arvumplantlabs.com and see the true nutrient levels of the plants in your cultivation! Arvum Plant Labs allows new customers to get their first round of testing discounted. 

  • Overview of Sulfur and Its Role in Plant Health

    Overview of Sulfur and Its Role in Plant Health

    Hey growers! 🌿 Today, we’re diving into another essential nutrient for your plants—sulfur! You might not hear as much about sulfur as you do about nitrogen or potassium, but it’s just as important for keeping your plants healthy and strong. Let’s take a closer look at what sulfur is, what it does, and why your plants need it.

    What is Sulfur?

    Sulfur is a naturally occurring element that’s found in soil, air, and water. It’s considered a secondary macronutrient, which means plants need it in smaller amounts than nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium—but it’s still vital to their growth and overall health.

    What Does Sulfur Do for Plants?

    1. Builds Proteins: One of sulfur’s most important jobs is helping plants produce proteins. Sulfur is a key component in the amino acids that make up proteins, which are essential for plant growth and development.
    2. Supports Enzyme Function: Sulfur also plays a role in the production of enzymes. These enzymes help speed up the chemical reactions that keep your plants growing and thriving.
    3. Aids in Chlorophyll Production: Chlorophyll is what gives plants their green color and allows them to absorb sunlight for photosynthesis. Sulfur helps plants produce chlorophyll, which means it’s essential for photosynthesis and energy production.
    4. Improves Root Strength: Sulfur promotes strong root growth, which helps your plants take up more water and nutrients from the soil.
    5. Boosts Aroma and Flavor: In some plants, sulfur can enhance the production of oils and compounds that contribute to aroma and flavor, making it a key nutrient in aromatic plants like garlic, onions, and some herbs.

    Why Sulfur is Important for Plant Health

    Sulfur might not be needed in huge amounts, but it plays a major role in many essential processes within the plant. Without enough sulfur, your plants can’t produce the proteins they need to grow, and photosynthesis could be slowed down. This can lead to weaker, less vibrant plants that struggle to reach their full potential.

    On the other hand, maintaining proper sulfur levels ensures that your plants can grow strong roots, lush green leaves, and vibrant flowers. It’s all about balance—just the right amount of sulfur will give your plants what they need to thrive.

    Want to analyze the nutrient levels inside of your plants?

     

    Reveal the precise nutrient levels in your crops, alongside a comprehensive assessment of all essential, supplemental, and trace nutrients. 

     

    Call 707-398-8346 or email sales@arvumplantlabs.com and see the true nutrient levels of the plants in your cultivation! Arvum Plant Labs allows new customers to get their first round of testing discounted. 

     

  • Insights into Calcium levels from Over 10,000 Tissue Tests

    Insights into Calcium levels from Over 10,000 Tissue Tests

    At Arvum Plant Labs, we’re committed to advancing plant health through rigorous research and cutting-edge analytics. One of our latest projects involved analyzing over 10,000 tissue samples to assess calcium levels in plants. Calcium plays a crucial role in plant development, influencing everything from cell wall structure to nutrient uptake. Here’s what we’ve learned from our extensive dataset.

    The Ideal Calcium Range: A Positive Indicator

    Our analysis revealed that 4,997 samples, or 66.64%, exhibited calcium levels within the ideal range for their respective growth stages. This is a promising sign that many growers are achieving optimal calcium nutrition, which is essential for strong plant structure, effective nutrient absorption, and overall plant vitality.

    Excessive Calcium: A Growing Concern

    However, our data also uncovered a significant number of samples—2,353, or 31.38%—with calcium levels exceeding the ideal range. While calcium is vital, too much of it can be just as problematic as too little. Excessive calcium can lead to nutrient lockout, where essential nutrients like magnesium and potassium are hindered from being absorbed by the plant. This imbalance can compromise plant health, leading to stunted growth, poor fruit development, and even toxicity symptoms.

    Deficiency: A Smaller, But Critical Issue

    On the flip side, only 148 samples (1.97%) showed calcium levels below the ideal range. While this number is relatively low, it highlights the importance of monitoring and managing calcium levels carefully. Deficient calcium levels can result in weakened plant structures, increased susceptibility to disease, and poor overall growth.


     

    Why Are Calcium Levels Excessive?

    So, why are we seeing such a high percentage of samples with excessive calcium levels? Here are a few common reasons:

    1. Over-Fertilization: Many growers, in an effort to maximize growth, may over-apply calcium-rich fertilizers without considering the existing soil and tissue calcium levels. This can lead to an accumulation of calcium in the plant system.
    2. Soil Imbalance: Calcium is often added to amend soil pH, but without proper testing and balance, this can lead to an unintended surplus in the plant tissue.
    3. Water Quality: In regions where water contains high levels of dissolved calcium, repeated irrigation can lead to a gradual buildup of calcium in the soil and plant tissues.
    4. Incorrect Application Timing: Applying calcium at inappropriate stages of plant growth can result in the plant absorbing more calcium than it needs, leading to excessive levels.

    Moving Forward: Achieving Balance

    The insights from our tissue testing underscore the importance of precision in nutrient management. For optimal plant health, it’s crucial to strike a balance—ensuring that calcium levels are neither too high nor too low. Regular tissue testing, coupled with tailored fertilization strategies, can help growers maintain this balance, leading to healthier crops and better yields.

    At Arvum Plant Labs, we’re here to help you navigate the complexities of plant nutrition. By leveraging data and science, we can work together to optimize your crop’s performance, ensuring that every nutrient is in perfect harmony.

    Call 707-398-8346 or email sales@arvumplantlabs.com and see the true nutrient levels of the plants in your cultivation! Arvum Plant Labs allows new customers to get their first round of testing discounted. 

     

    Arvum Plant Labs

    Empowering Growers | Transforming Cultivation

  • Exploring Organic Sources of Calcium for Cannabis Plants: Methods and Benefits

    Exploring Organic Sources of Calcium for Cannabis Plants: Methods and Benefits

    Last week, we went over the deficient and excessive levels of Calcium. In our continuing series, we turn our attention to organic sources of calcium and their application methods. This guide aims to provide cannabis cultivators with valuable insights into how they can incorporate organic calcium sources into their cultivation practices to promote healthy plant growth and optimal yields.

    Why Organic Calcium?

    Organic calcium sources are derived from natural materials and offer several benefits over synthetic alternatives:

    • Sustainability: Organic sources are often more environmentally friendly.
    • Soil Health: They contribute to overall soil fertility and microbial activity.
    • Slow Release: They typically provide a more gradual release of nutrients, reducing the risk of nutrient burn.

    Top Organic Sources of Calcium

    1. Dolomite Lime
      • Composition: A combination of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate.
      • Benefits: Corrects acidic soil pH, provides both calcium and magnesium, and is a long-lasting amendment.
      • Application: Apply at a rate of 1-2 tablespoons per gallon of soil. Mix thoroughly into the soil before planting or as a top-dress during the growing season.
    2. Gypsum (Calcium Sulfate)
      • Composition: Calcium sulfate.
      • Benefits: Provides calcium without altering soil pH, improves soil structure, and aids in the leaching of excess sodium.
      • Application: Use 1-2 tablespoons per square foot, worked into the topsoil. It can be applied at any stage of plant growth.
    3. Eggshells
      • Composition: Primarily calcium carbonate.
      • Benefits: Readily available and a great way to recycle kitchen waste.
      • Application: Rinse and dry eggshells, then crush them into a fine powder. Incorporate into the soil at planting time or use as a top-dress. You can also make a calcium-rich tea by steeping crushed shells in water for several days and using it to water your plants.
    4. Bone Meal
      • Composition: Ground animal bones, rich in calcium and phosphorus.
      • Benefits: Provides a slow-release source of calcium and phosphorus, essential for root and flower development.
      • Application: Apply 1-2 tablespoons per gallon of soil during planting. Reapply as needed during the growing season by top-dressing.
    5. Kelp Meal
      • Composition: Derived from seaweed, contains calcium, potassium, and trace minerals.
      • Benefits: Enhances soil health, provides micronutrients, and promotes robust plant growth.
      • Application: Mix 1-2 tablespoons per gallon of soil. It can also be brewed into a tea for foliar sprays or soil drenching.

    Application Methods

    1. Soil Amendment
      • Pre-Planting: Incorporate organic calcium sources into the soil before planting to ensure even distribution and availability to young plants.
      • Top-Dressing: Apply organic amendments on the soil surface around the plant base. This method is useful for ongoing calcium supplementation during the growing season.
    2. Foliar Feeding
      • Technique: Create a liquid solution from organic calcium sources, such as eggshell tea or kelp meal tea, and spray directly onto the plant leaves.
      • Benefits: Provides a quick nutrient boost, especially useful if soil uptake is limited or if plants show signs of calcium deficiency.
    3. Compost and Vermicompost
      • Enrichment: Add organic calcium sources to your compost or worm bin. The resulting compost or vermicompost will be rich in calcium and other nutrients, enhancing soil fertility.
      • Application: Use compost or vermicompost as a soil amendment or top-dress around plants.

    Best Practices for Applying Organic Calcium

    • Test Soil pH: Ensure soil pH is within the optimal range (6.0-7.0) to maximize calcium availability.
    • Monitor Plant Health: Regularly test with leaf tissue analysis for signs of calcium deficiency (e.g., stunted growth, leaf necrosis) and adjust your calcium supplementation as needed.
    • Balanced Nutrition: Calcium is just one part of a balanced nutrient regime. Ensure your plants are receiving adequate amounts of other essential nutrients.

    Conclusion

    Using organic sources of calcium can significantly enhance the health and productivity of your cannabis plants. By integrating these natural amendments into your cultivation practices, you can support robust growth, prevent deficiencies, and contribute to a more sustainable growing environment. 

    Ready to start see inside your plants like never before?

     

    Reveal the precise nutrient levels in your crops, alongside a comprehensive assessment of all essential, supplemental, and trace nutrients. 

     

    Call 707-398-8346 or email sales@arvumplantlabs.com and see the true nutrient levels of the plants in your cultivation! Arvum Plant Labs allows new customers to get their first round of testing discounted. 

     

    Arvum Plant Labs

    Empowering Growers | Transforming Cultivation

  • Issues with Excessive or Deficient Levels of Calcium in Plants

    Issues with Excessive or Deficient Levels of Calcium in Plants

    Hey growers! 🌿 Welcome back to our series on plant nutrients. In last week’s blog post, we focused on an overview of Calcium and its role in plant health. Today, we’re going to focus on specifically what happens when your plants have too much or too little of this essential nutrient. Understanding these issues can help you keep your plants healthy and thriving. Let’s dive in!

    Deficient, Optimal, and Excessive Levels of Calcium

    Calcium is crucial for your plants because it helps build strong cell walls, supports root growth, aids in nutrient transport, and protects against diseases. But just like anything else, balance is key. Based on our years of research, the target ppm ranges for Calcium (Ca) in the Veg and Flower stages are as follows:

    VEG Stage:

    • Deficient: < 5,000 ppm
    • Low: 5,000 – 10,000 ppm
    • Ideal: 10,000 – 50,000 ppm
    • High: 50,000 – 50,000 ppm
    • Excessive: > 50,000 ppm

    FLOWER Stage:

    • Deficient: < 5,500 ppm
    • Low: 5,500 – 11,000 ppm
    • Ideal: 11,000 – 55,000 ppm
    • High: 55,000 – 55,000 ppm
    • Excessive: > 55,000 ppm

    Increased Requirements in Flower Stage: The data indicates that plants require slightly more calcium during the flower stage compared to the veg stage. The deficiency threshold increases from 5,000 ppm in the veg stage to 5,500 ppm in the flower stage, highlighting the greater calcium demand during flowering for supporting bud development and overall plant health.

    Ideal Range Consistency: Both growth stages have a broad ideal range for calcium levels, suggesting flexibility in maintaining adequate calcium for optimal growth. For veg, the ideal range is 10,000 to 50,000 ppm, while for the flower stage, it is 11,000 to 55,000 ppm. This wide range allows growers some leeway in managing calcium levels without risking deficiencies or toxicities.

    Precision at High Levels: The target values for high calcium levels are precisely set at 50,000 ppm for the veg stage and 55,000 ppm for the flower stage. This precision indicates a specific upper limit that should not be exceeded to avoid potential negative effects on nutrient uptake and overall plant health.

    Risk of Excess: Calcium levels above 50,000 ppm in the veg stage and 55,000 ppm in the flower stage are considered excessive. This excess can lead to nutrient lockout, where the absorption of other essential nutrients like magnesium and potassium is hindered, potentially causing further imbalances and health issues in the plants.

    Critical for Structural Integrity: The consistent need for substantial calcium levels across both stages underscores its role in building strong cell walls, promoting robust root systems, and supporting new growth. Adequate calcium is crucial for maintaining the structural integrity and overall resilience of the plants.

    Regular monitoring and adjusting calcium levels based on these insights can lead to better yields and more resilient plants.

    Signs of Calcium Deficiency

    When plants don’t get enough calcium, they can show some pretty clear signs. Here’s what to look out for:

    1. Twisted or Curled Leaves: Young leaves might appear twisted, curled, or crinkled. This is because calcium is vital for new growth.
    2. Brown Leaf Tips: The tips of the leaves might turn brown and crispy, a condition known as “tip burn.”
    3. Stunted Growth: Plants may not grow as tall or as fast as they should.
    4. Blossom End Rot: In fruit-bearing plants, you might see dark, sunken spots at the end of the fruits, known as blossom end rot.
    5. Weak Stems: Stems can become weak and brittle, making it harder for the plant to support itself.

    Causes of Calcium Deficiency

    Calcium deficiency can happen for several reasons:

    • Low Calcium in Soil: If the soil doesn’t have enough calcium, plants can’t absorb what they need.
    • pH Imbalance: If the soil pH is too low (acidic) or too high (alkaline), it can prevent calcium from being absorbed.
    • Water Stress: Irregular watering or poor water quality can affect calcium uptake.

    Signs of Calcium Toxicity

    While too little calcium is bad, too much can also cause problems. Here’s what excessive calcium looks like:

    1. Nutrient Lockout: High calcium levels can block the absorption of other essential nutrients like magnesium and potassium. This can lead to deficiencies in these nutrients even if they are present in the soil.
    2. Yellowing Leaves: Leaves might turn yellow, starting at the tips and edges.
    3. Poor Root Growth: Excess calcium can damage roots, making it harder for plants to take up water and nutrients.
    4. Leaf Burn: Similar to deficiency, but the browning of leaf tips can be more severe and widespread.

    Causes of Calcium Toxicity

    Calcium toxicity is less common but can occur if:

    • Over-Fertilization: Adding too much calcium through fertilizers or soil amendments.
    • Poor Soil Drainage: Soil that doesn’t drain well can accumulate high levels of calcium.

    Taking Action

     

    Reveal the precise nutrient levels in your crops, alongside a comprehensive assessment of all essential, supplemental, and trace nutrients. 

     

    Call 707-398-8346 or email sales@arvumplantlabs.com and see the true nutrient levels of the plants in your cultivation! Arvum Plant Labs allows new customers to get their first round of testing discounted. 

     

    Arvum Plant Labs

    Empowering Growers | Transforming Cultivation

  • Calcium: The Building Block for Healthy Plants

    Calcium: The Building Block for Healthy Plants

    Hey there, plant enthusiasts! We’re moving into August soon and we will be focusing next on Calcium🌿 In this article, we’re going to learn about a super important nutrient for your plants: calcium. Just like we need strong bones to grow big and strong, plants need calcium to stay healthy and grow tall. 


    What Does Calcium Do for Plants?

    Calcium is like the cement in a building. It helps build strong cell walls, which are the building blocks of the plant. Here are some cool things calcium does:


    Strengthens Cell Walls: Calcium helps make the walls of the plant cells strong. This helps the plant stand up tall and not fall over.


    Helps Roots Grow: Calcium is important for healthy root growth. Strong roots help the plant take in water and nutrients from the soil.


    Supports New Growth: Calcium helps the plant make new leaves and flowers. It’s especially important when the plant is growing quickly.


    Protects Against Disease: Strong cell walls make it harder for diseases to get inside the plant and make it sick.


    Aids in Nutrient Transport: Calcium helps move other nutrients around inside the plant. This is important for overall plant health and growth.


    Improves Soil Structure: When calcium is added to the soil, it can help improve soil structure, making it easier for roots to grow and take up nutrients.

    Signs of Calcium Problems


    How Arvum Plant Labs Can Help


    Just like people can have too much or too little of something, plants can have too much or too little calcium. It can be difficult to tell with your eyes what might be happening because many different nutrient imbalances can show similar signs.


    At Arvum Plant Labs, we have a special way to check the calcium levels in your plants. It’s called leaf tissue analysis. We recommend leaf tissue analysis to objectively determine what your plants need. Here’s how it works:


    You Send Us Leaves: You take a small sample of leaves from your plants and send them to our lab in Fairfield, CA. (Reach out to sales@arvumplantlabs.com for sampling supplies)


    We Test the Leaves: Our lab tests the leaves to see how much calcium they have. We do this quickly and get results back to you within 48 hours!


    We Give You a Report: You’ll get a report that shows the exact amount of calcium in your plants. The report will tell you if the calcium level is too low, just right, or too high based on the plants’ stage of growth. Our agronomist will also give you recommendations on what to do next.


    Why Leaf Tissue Analysis is Awesome

    Knowing the exact calcium levels in your plants helps you keep them healthy and strong. Here’s why our leaf tissue analysis is super helpful:


    Precise Information: You get exact numbers, so you know what’s really going on with your plants. Plus, you’re going to see potential problems before you can spot them visually.


    Quick Results: You get the information fast, within 48 hours from when our lab receives your samples, so you can take action quickly.


    Expert Recommendations: Along with the calcium levels, you’ll get advice from our agronomist on what to do next. This can help you fix any problems and keep your plants growing well.


    Conclusion


    Calcium is a vital nutrient that helps your plants grow strong and healthy. With our leaf tissue analysis at Arvum Plant Labs, you can make sure your plants have the right amount of calcium before warning signs start showing themselves. Whether they need more, less, or are just right, we’ll help you figure it out and give you the tips you need to keep your plants happy.


    So, the next time you’re checking on your plants, remember how important calcium is. And if you need to know exactly how much calcium your plants have, Arvum Plant Labs is here to help! 🌱


    Ready to Optimize Your Cannabis Growth? Test with Arvum Today!


    Reveal the precise nutrient levels in your crops, alongside a comprehensive assessment of all essential, supplemental, and trace nutrients. 


    Call 707-398-8346 or email sales@arvumplantlabs.com and see the true nutrient levels of the plants in your cultivation! Arvum Plant Labs allows new customers to get their first round of testing discounted. 


    Happy growing, everyone!



    Arvum Plant Labs

    Empowering Growers | Transforming Cultivation